Pakistan Cement Industry

Arranged by: Mirza Rohail B http://economicpakistan. wordpress. com/2008/02/12/concrete industry/History and Introduction Growth of concrete industry is properly viewed as a gauge for financial action. In 1947, Pakistan had acquired 4 concrete plants with a complete limit of 0. 5 million tons. Some extension occurred in 1956-66 however couldn't stay up with the financial turn of events and the nation needed to fall back on imports of concrete in 1976-77 and kept on doing as such till 1994-95. The business was privatized in 1990 which prompted setting up of new plants. Albeit an oligopoly advertise, there exists savage rivalry between individuals from the cartel today. The business involves 29 firms (19 units in the north and 10 units in the south), with the introduced creation limit of 44. 09 million tons. The north with introduced creation limit of 35. 18 million tons (80 percent) while the south with introduced creation limit of 8. 89 million tons (20 percent), seek the residential market of more than 19 million tons. There are four remote organizations, three military organizations and 16 privately owned businesses recorded in the stock trades. The business is separated into two wide districts, the northern locale and the southern area. The northern area has around 80 percent share in absolute concrete dispatches while the units situated in the southern district contributes 20 percent to the yearly concrete deals. Concrete industry is for sure an exceptionally significant portion of modern segment that assumes a urgent job in the financial turn of events. Since concrete is a particular item, requiring refined framework and creation area. For the most part of the concrete ventures in Pakistan are situated close/inside rocky locales that are plentiful in mud, iron and mineral limit. Concrete enterprises in Pakistan are as of now working at their most extreme limit because of the blast in business and modern development inside Pakistan. The concrete segment is contributing above Rs 30 billion to the national exchequer as duties. Concrete industry is additionally serving the country by giving openings for work and by and by in excess of 150,000 people are utilized legitimately or in a roundabout way by the business. The business had sent out 7. 716 million tons concrete during the year 2007-08 and had earned $450 million, while is relied upon to trade 11. 0 million tons of concrete during 2008-09 and procure around $700 million. Monetary Performance 2008-09 Business Recorder detailed that Pakistan’s concrete fares saw a solid development of 65%, to more than 6 million tons during 7 months of the current financial year for the most part because of ascend in universal interest. The fares may reach to 11 million tons and gain approx $ 700 million during 2008-0 9. The measurements of All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association additionally indicated that concrete fares had mounted to more than 6 million tons in 7 months when contrasted with 3. 2 million tons of same time of last financial year, portraying an expansion of 2. 38 million tons. Concrete fares during January 2009 went up by 30% to 0. 81 million tons when contrasted with 0. 623 million tons in January 2008. Be that as it may, slow development exercises in the nation during the period severely annoyed household offer of concrete, which delineated decrease of 15%, to 10. 77 million tons when contrasted with 12. 59 million tons of last monetary year. On MoM premise, nearby dispatches of concrete during January 2009 demonstrated a decrease of 8%, to 1. 51 million tons from 1. 65 million tons of January 2008. By and large dispatches, including fare and neighborhood deals, arrived at 16. 77 million tons during July to January of 2008-09 as against 16. 20 million tons of last financial year, portraying an expansion of 3%. By September 2009, in the wake of seeing generous development in each of the seventy five percent of financial year (FY) 2008-09, concrete division finished up the final quarter with an attractive development of 1,492 percent on yearly premise, All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association’s report uncovered on 29th September 2009. Higher maintenance costs (up 59 percent) and high rupee based fare deals in the midst of rupee deterioration (20 percent) drove benefits up north. In any case, this development is amplified, as FY2007-08 was an anomalous low benefit period for the area. In addition, the exhibition is slanted towards huge players with send out potential as gainful organizations in the two years posted increment of only 109 percent, said investigator at JS Research Atif Zafar. He said that combined productivity of organizations in FY09 remained at Rs 6. 2 billion or $78. 2 million when contrasted with Rs 386 million or $6. 2 million delineating a monstrous development of 1,492 percent. Organizations with benefits in both the years posted 109 percent income improvement. In spite of the fact that absolute dispatches were down 2 percent, net deals developed by 55 percent to Rs 101. 4 billion or $1. 3 billion on the rear of higher net maintenance costs (up 59 percent) and improved fare based incomes. Cost of deals/ton likewise rose by 33 percent on yearly premise in the midst of higher acknowledged coal costs and inflationary weights, the expert kept up. Creation Capacity In Pakistan, there are 29 concrete producers that are assuming an essential job in the structure up the country’s economy and commitment towards development and flourishing. After 2002-3, a large portion of the concrete makers extended their tasks, and expanded creation. This division has contributed about $1. 5 billion in limit development in the course of the most recent six years. The working limit of concrete in 1991 was 7 million tons, which expanded to become 18 million tons by 2005-06 and by end of 2007 rose to over 37 million tones, and right now the creation cpapacity is 44. 07 million tons. Concrete creation limit in the north is 35. 18 million tons (80 percent) while in the south it is just 8. 89 million tons (20 percent). The concrete makers in 2007-08 added over 8,000,000 tons to the limit and the absolute creation was required to surpass 45 million tons before the finish of 2010. It might bring about a gracefully excess of 7,000,000 tons in 2009 and 2010. Genuine Cement Production (in million tons) According to Government Board of Investment, 2001-02 †9. 83 2002-03 †10. 85 2003-04 †12. 86 2004-05 †16. 09 2005-06 †18. 48 2006-07 †22. 73 2007-08 †26. 75 2008-09 †20. 28 Exports and International Markets The concrete business of Pakistan entered the fare advertises a couple of years back, and has built up its notoriety for being a decent quality item. Deregulation after increase of Pakistan to WTO is required to open the window of rivalry from less expensive markets. The ongoing obtaining of Chakwal Cement by an Egyptian monster, Orascom might be a start of such a section in Pakistan by multinationals. New roads for fare of concrete are opening up for the indigenous business as Sri Lanka has as of late demonstrated enthusiasm to import 30,000 tons concrete from Pakistan consistently. In the event that the business can profit the open door offered, it might make sure about a noteworthy portion of Sri Lanka showcase by providing 360,000 tons of concrete yearly. In 2007, 130,000 tons concrete was sent out to India. In 2007, the fares to Afghanistan, UAE and Iraq contacted 2. 13 million tons. At present, the economies of significant nations are confronting downturn, however Pakistan’s concrete part is as yet keeping up a solid development. Concrete fare to India has just eased back after inconvenience of obligation by Indian specialists. Estimating Another issue confronted before by the Industry was the high tax collection. The general deals charge (GST) was 186% higher than India. The effect of this expense and obligation structure brought about practically 40% expansion in the expense of a concrete sack (50 Kg). A sack in India prior cost Rs. 160 when contrasted with Rs. 220 in Pakistan. In the spending plan of 2003-04, an obligation slice of 25% was allowed to the concrete area with affirmation from the cartel to give this advantage to the buyers. In 2006, the cost of a pack went up to Rs. 430 anyway in 2007 it has balanced out at Rs. 315 for each pack. In mid 2008, concrete costs balanced out further at Rs. 220 for each pack. The Government has diminished focal extract obligation (CED) on concrete in the spending plan for 2007-08 so as to support development movement. Normal industry cost of concrete pack/50Kg = Rs. 193 Normal industry cost of concrete pack/50Kg = Rs. 235 Domestic Demand Local interest in the nation for the year 2008-09 is relied upon to associate with 20 million tons. Local interest is relied upon to develop at 13% Capacity development rate (CAGR) during next five years. Certain elements will likewise influence the development of concrete industry too. These are as per the following: Strong GDP development O Higher GDP development has positive effect on concrete interest. O Cement request development rate was twofold the GDP development rate in most recent three years. Lodging part development O Housing ventures devour generally 40% of concrete interest. O Low loan fees, post 9/11 remittances’ inflow, and land blast have helped lodging area development. Government Development Expenditures O Government improvement uses mean 33% of complete concrete utilization. O Increase in PSDP †from Rs. 80 bn in 1999 to Rs. 520 bn in 2007. O Infrastructure improvement in a district triggers private advancement ventures having even positive effect on concrete interest. Tremor Rehabilitation O Earthquake misfortunes of October eighth are assessed at $ 5. 2bn O Reconstruction work will support development material interest O Reconstruction work is relied upon to create concrete interest of 4mn tons over next 3-4 years Announcement of enormous Dams O Construction of four huge dams will produce request of 3. 7mn tons. Bhasha Daimer Dam, Munda Dam, Akhori Dam and Neelum Jhelum. Per Capita Cement Consumption Pakistan presently has a for each capita utilization of 131kg of concrete, which is practically identical to that for India at 135kg per capita yet considerably underneath the World Average 270kg and the local normal of over 400kg for peers in Asia and over 600kg in the Middle East. Cemen

Payam - Strategic Information Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Payam - Strategic Information Managment - Essay Example Therefore, data that goes into the framework must be investigated at different levels, as per the errand association necessities. In this manner, the conversation about the best data framework (IS) to be incorporated is basic so as to help the dynamic procedure (Lucey, 1997). This contextual analysis takes a top to bottom gander at Optical Filters Ltd. (OFL), an organization that is endeavoring to improve its business request procedure to all the more likely fulfill its clients. With an end goal to improve its procedures and increment piece of the overall industry, the organization has chosen to return to their business targets (for example the manner in which they decide), to discover better approaches for imparting the significant data continuously. 2 Optical Filters and Business Model OFL is a world chief in the plan and production of EMI-protected and differentiate upgrade windows. The organization was built up in 1988 in the United Kingdom (UK), and has stayed a family-possessed and worked business. Its capability lies in optical mastery and the dry film cover of plastic and glass channels for presentations and nooks. OFL is based out of Thame, Oxfordshire and is enrolled to ISO9001:2000 for the plan and assembling of items to upgrade shows. The organization as of now supplies its items to the aviation, barrier, and security enterprises. OFL utilizes roughly 40 workers in its UK offices with a turnover of near ?6 million every year (Optical Filters, 2010). 2.1 Business Model and Strategic View OFL has been a significant provider of warmed glass to 3M and BAE Systems, which have been the company’s two biggest clients. The organization is associated with a high-assortment, low-volume business (Naylor, 2002). Along these lines, because of the idea of creation, OFL should consistently utilize skilful gathering administrators and designers to finish deals orders. There are three significant destinations OFL centers around when overhauling its clients: Qu ality items with serious cost On-time conveyance Short lead time Strategically, the business has announced anticipating increment its piece of the overall industry in both the UK and the United States (US). This objective is the essential explanation behind building up powerful client connection techniques. To make this a reality, the organization understands its picture and execution must be changed. OFL must concentrate on the accompanying two essential goals of IS advancement: Improve the data stream over the association to make a perceivability about deals orders, creation limit and materials the board To improve OFL’s notoriety, in term of conveyances, quality, and shorter request preparing time These destinations are in accordance with the vital choice and plans for the following financial year. The connection between the above destinations and the methodology that must be followed in the IS configuration to help and increase the value of what they are endeavoring. 2.2 Business Environment In request for a business to be effective, it is significant for the organization to consistently be aware of the general condition that impacts its business. As featured by Porter (2003),

How to Choose Good Quality Korean Essay Samples

How to Choose Good Quality Korean Essay SamplesKorean essay samples are a great tool for students who want to better understand the basic principles of the Korean language. These Korean essays can help a student to get a better understanding of the Korean pronunciation and grammar and also improve their knowledge of the written, Korean language. There are many resources available on the internet where you can learn more about Korean pronunciation, but there are few websites that provide you with a wide variety of good quality free Korean sentences.On the Internet, there are thousands of websites that offer Korean essay samples and lessons. However, it is not easy to judge the quality of these resources, as most of them can easily be scammed. Therefore, it is important to make sure that you choose a website that has a good reputation before you buy any Korean essays. However, there are some rules that you should follow when choosing these Korean essay samples.First of all, you should choose the right type of Korean essay samples that will help you learn how to write a good Korean essay. There are two main types of Korean essay samples: general and specific. A general Korean essay sample will help you improve your writing skills while a specific one will train you in developing the vocabulary and pronunciation of Korean.Specific Korean essay samples are usually easier to use because you can just copy and paste the Korean content. They are usually long essays that can be quite difficult to read. This is why you should first check the website for reliability before you spend your money.Korean essay samples that are not very detailed will not help you develop your skills in Korean. You need to understand how to properly use the sentences and their paragraphs. For this, you should look for free Korean essays that are well organized and written well. You should also try to take notes on these Korean essays so that you can improve your own Korean writing skills as well .You should also make sure that the website provides a variety of good quality Korean sentences. This means that the website has some good quality Korean sentences written by native speakers of Korean who can help you practice the Korean language and English writing skills. It is very important to get the best quality Korean sentences because this will help you improve your writing skills in English.Second, you should make sure that the sentences have a good word component. If you find sentences that do not have a good word component, then you should probably not waste your money. You should also check whether the website is providing a variety of different kinds of sentence construction that you can use in your Korean essay.Last, you should make sure that the website provides good tips on how to use the sentences. There are many websites that provide very poor advice on the use of sentences and will give you very complicated instructions. Therefore, you should only trust the best w ebsites that have good recommendations on how to use Korean essay samples and lessons.

How to Use the US Social Security Death Index

The Social Security Death Index is a huge database containing vital information for more than 77 million people (primarily Americans) whose deaths have been reported to the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA). Deaths included in this index may have been submitted by a survivor requesting benefits or in order to stop Social Security Benefits to the deceased. Most of the information (about 98%) included in this index dates from 1962, although some data is from as early as 1937. This is because 1962 is the year that the SSA began to use a computer database for processing requests for benefits. Many of the earlier records (1937-1962) have never been added to this computerized database. Also included in the millions of records are approximately 400,000 railroad retirement records from the early 1900s to 1950s. These begin with numbers in the 700-728 range. What You Can Learn From the Social Security Death Index The Social Security Death Index (SSDI) is an excellent resource for finding information on Americans who died after the 1960s. A record in the Social Security Death Index will generally contain some or all of the following information: last name, first name, birth date, death date, Social Security number, the state of residence where the Social Security number (SSN) was issued, the last known residence and the location where the last benefit payment was sent. For individuals who died while residing outside of the U.S., the record may also include a special state or country residence code. Social Security records can help provide information needed to find a birth certificate, death certificate, obituary, maiden name, parents names, occupation or residence. How to Search the Social Security Death Index The Social Security Death Index is available as a free online database from numerous online organizations. There are some who charge for access to the Social Security Death index as well, but why pay when you can search it for free? For best results when searching the Social Security Death Index, enter only one or two known facts and then search. If the individual had an unusual surname, you may even find it useful to search on just the surname. If the search results are too large, then add more information and search again. Get creative. Most Social Security Death Index databases will allow you to search on any combination of facts (such as a birth date and first name). With over 77 million Americans included in the SSDI, locating a particular person can often be an exercise in frustration. Understanding the search options is extremely important in helping to narrow down you search. Remember: it is best to start off with just a few facts and then add additional info if it is needed to fine tune your search results. Search the SSDI by Last NameWhen searching the SSDI you should often start with the last name and, perhaps, one other fact. For best results, select the Soundex Search option (if available) so that you dont miss possible misspellings. You can also try searching for the obvious alternate name spellings on your own. When searching for a name with punctuation in it (such as DAngelo), enter the name without the punctuation. You should try this both with and without a space in place of the punctuation (i.e. D Angelo and DAngelo). All names with prefixes and suffixes (even those which dont use punctuation) should be searched both with and without the space (i.e. McDonald and Mc Donald). For married women, try searching under both their married name and their maiden name. Search the SSDI by First NameThe first name field is searched by exact spelling only, so be sure to try other possibilities including alternate spellings, initials, nicknames, middle names etc. Search the SSDI by Social Security NumberThis is often the piece of information that genealogists searching the SSDI are looking for. This number can enable you to order the individuals Social Security application, which can lead to the discovery of all sorts of new clues for your ancestor. You can also learn which state issued the SSN from the first three digits. Searching the SSDI by State of IssueIn most cases, the first three numbers of the SSN indicate which state issued the number (there are a few instances where one three digit number was used for more than one state). Complete this field if you are fairly positive of where your ancestor was living when they received their SSN. Be aware, however, that people often lived in one state and had their SSN issued from another state. Searching the SSDI by Birth DateThis field has three parts: the birth date, month and year. You may search on just one or any combination of these fields. (i.e. the month and year). If you have no luck, then try narrowing down your search to just one (i.e. the month or the year). You should also search for obvious typos (i.e. 1895 and/or 1958 for 1985). Searching the SSDI by Death DateJust as with the birth date, the death date lets you search separately on the birth date, month and year. For deaths prior to 1988 it is advisable to search on the month and year only, as the exact date of death was seldom recorded. Make sure to search for the possible typos! Searching the SSDI by Location of Last ResidenceThis is the address where the person was last known to be living when the benefit was applied for. About 20% of records do not contain any information on Last Residence, so if you are having no luck with your search you may want to try searching with this field left blank. The residence location is entered in the form of a ZIP code and includes the city/town which is associated with that ZIP code. Keep in mind that boundaries have changed over time, so make sure to cross reference the city/town names with other sources. Searching the SSDI by Last Benefit InformationIf the individual in question was married you may find that the last benefit and location of last residence are one and the same. It is a field which you will usually want to leave blank for your search as the last benefit could often have been paid to any number of people. This information can prove to be extremely valuable in the search for relatives, however, as next of kin were usually the ones to receive the last benefit. Many people search the Social Security Death Index and quickly get discouraged when they cant locate someone they feel should be listed. There are actually a lot of reasons why a person may not be included, as well as tips to finding people who arent listed as you would expect. Have You Exhausted All Your Options? Before concluding that your ancestors name is not in the index, try the following: Make sure that you have tried soundex search or alternate spellings for your surname.Many SSDI indexes allow wildcards to be used in searching. (You could type in Pat* Smith and it would find Pat Smith, Patrick Smith, Patricia Smith and so on). Check the rules for the SSDI search engine you are using to see what types of wildcards are allowed.If you have filled in several search fields and received no results for your ancestor, then try searching with less information. Just because you know your ancestors birth date, doesnt mean it is listed correctly in the SSDI or that it is even listed at all.If you are including the given name (first name) in your search, then be sure to check for alternate spellings. The search will only return results which match the given name you enter exactly.Middle names are not usually included. Even if your ancestor went by his/her middle name, you should be sure to check under their first name as well. In some cases the first and middle names may both be included in the given name field.The person may be listed with an initial or initials in the given name field.An individual may have only a single name entered (either a first name or a last name). You would be best off trying to narrow these down with other known facts such as birth or death date.Married women are most likely listed under their husbands surname, but if this provides no results then check for a listing under their maiden name. If a women was married more than once, be sure to check all married names.Titles such as military rank (Col.), Occupation (Dr.), Family Rank (Jr.) and Religious Order (Fr.) may be included with either the surname or the given name. There may also be variations in the way the title was entered. For example, you may find Jr. with and without the period and placed after the surname with either a space or a comma (i.e. Smith, Jr or Smith Jr.).Leave out the ZIP code field as this does not exist for the earlier records.Check a variety of dates - ty pos and transposition of digits is common. 1986 could have been entered as 1896 or 1968. 01/06/63 could be read as January 6, 1963 or June 1, 1963. Reasons  You May Not Find Your Ancestor The person who entered the information into the database may have made typographical or other errors. The information may also have been incorrectly recorded during the initial application process. This was especially true when Social Security numbers were first issued and involved a multi-step application process with an opportunity for errors at each step.Many of the records prior to 1962 (when the SSDI database was first computerized) were never added.Your ancestors death may have never been reported to the Social Security Administration.It may be possible that your ancestor did not have a Social Security card. Many occupations prior to 1960 were not eligible for social security enrollment. How to Use the US Social Security Death Index The Social Security Death Index is a huge database containing vital information for more than 77 million people (primarily Americans) whose deaths have been reported to the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA). Deaths included in this index may have been submitted by a survivor requesting benefits or in order to stop Social Security Benefits to the deceased. Most of the information (about 98%) included in this index dates from 1962, although some data is from as early as 1937. This is because 1962 is the year that the SSA began to use a computer database for processing requests for benefits. Many of the earlier records (1937-1962) have never been added to this computerized database. Also included in the millions of records are approximately 400,000 railroad retirement records from the early 1900s to 1950s. These begin with numbers in the 700-728 range. What You Can Learn From the Social Security Death Index The Social Security Death Index (SSDI) is an excellent resource for finding information on Americans who died after the 1960s. A record in the Social Security Death Index will generally contain some or all of the following information: last name, first name, birth date, death date, Social Security number, the state of residence where the Social Security number (SSN) was issued, the last known residence and the location where the last benefit payment was sent. For individuals who died while residing outside of the U.S., the record may also include a special state or country residence code. Social Security records can help provide information needed to find a birth certificate, death certificate, obituary, maiden name, parents names, occupation or residence. How to Search the Social Security Death Index The Social Security Death Index is available as a free online database from numerous online organizations. There are some who charge for access to the Social Security Death index as well, but why pay when you can search it for free? For best results when searching the Social Security Death Index, enter only one or two known facts and then search. If the individual had an unusual surname, you may even find it useful to search on just the surname. If the search results are too large, then add more information and search again. Get creative. Most Social Security Death Index databases will allow you to search on any combination of facts (such as a birth date and first name). With over 77 million Americans included in the SSDI, locating a particular person can often be an exercise in frustration. Understanding the search options is extremely important in helping to narrow down you search. Remember: it is best to start off with just a few facts and then add additional info if it is needed to fine tune your search results. Search the SSDI by Last NameWhen searching the SSDI you should often start with the last name and, perhaps, one other fact. For best results, select the Soundex Search option (if available) so that you dont miss possible misspellings. You can also try searching for the obvious alternate name spellings on your own. When searching for a name with punctuation in it (such as DAngelo), enter the name without the punctuation. You should try this both with and without a space in place of the punctuation (i.e. D Angelo and DAngelo). All names with prefixes and suffixes (even those which dont use punctuation) should be searched both with and without the space (i.e. McDonald and Mc Donald). For married women, try searching under both their married name and their maiden name. Search the SSDI by First NameThe first name field is searched by exact spelling only, so be sure to try other possibilities including alternate spellings, initials, nicknames, middle names etc. Search the SSDI by Social Security NumberThis is often the piece of information that genealogists searching the SSDI are looking for. This number can enable you to order the individuals Social Security application, which can lead to the discovery of all sorts of new clues for your ancestor. You can also learn which state issued the SSN from the first three digits. Searching the SSDI by State of IssueIn most cases, the first three numbers of the SSN indicate which state issued the number (there are a few instances where one three digit number was used for more than one state). Complete this field if you are fairly positive of where your ancestor was living when they received their SSN. Be aware, however, that people often lived in one state and had their SSN issued from another state. Searching the SSDI by Birth DateThis field has three parts: the birth date, month and year. You may search on just one or any combination of these fields. (i.e. the month and year). If you have no luck, then try narrowing down your search to just one (i.e. the month or the year). You should also search for obvious typos (i.e. 1895 and/or 1958 for 1985). Searching the SSDI by Death DateJust as with the birth date, the death date lets you search separately on the birth date, month and year. For deaths prior to 1988 it is advisable to search on the month and year only, as the exact date of death was seldom recorded. Make sure to search for the possible typos! Searching the SSDI by Location of Last ResidenceThis is the address where the person was last known to be living when the benefit was applied for. About 20% of records do not contain any information on Last Residence, so if you are having no luck with your search you may want to try searching with this field left blank. The residence location is entered in the form of a ZIP code and includes the city/town which is associated with that ZIP code. Keep in mind that boundaries have changed over time, so make sure to cross reference the city/town names with other sources. Searching the SSDI by Last Benefit InformationIf the individual in question was married you may find that the last benefit and location of last residence are one and the same. It is a field which you will usually want to leave blank for your search as the last benefit could often have been paid to any number of people. This information can prove to be extremely valuable in the search for relatives, however, as next of kin were usually the ones to receive the last benefit. Many people search the Social Security Death Index and quickly get discouraged when they cant locate someone they feel should be listed. There are actually a lot of reasons why a person may not be included, as well as tips to finding people who arent listed as you would expect. Have You Exhausted All Your Options? Before concluding that your ancestors name is not in the index, try the following: Make sure that you have tried soundex search or alternate spellings for your surname.Many SSDI indexes allow wildcards to be used in searching. (You could type in Pat* Smith and it would find Pat Smith, Patrick Smith, Patricia Smith and so on). Check the rules for the SSDI search engine you are using to see what types of wildcards are allowed.If you have filled in several search fields and received no results for your ancestor, then try searching with less information. Just because you know your ancestors birth date, doesnt mean it is listed correctly in the SSDI or that it is even listed at all.If you are including the given name (first name) in your search, then be sure to check for alternate spellings. The search will only return results which match the given name you enter exactly.Middle names are not usually included. Even if your ancestor went by his/her middle name, you should be sure to check under their first name as well. In some cases the first and middle names may both be included in the given name field.The person may be listed with an initial or initials in the given name field.An individual may have only a single name entered (either a first name or a last name). You would be best off trying to narrow these down with other known facts such as birth or death date.Married women are most likely listed under their husbands surname, but if this provides no results then check for a listing under their maiden name. If a women was married more than once, be sure to check all married names.Titles such as military rank (Col.), Occupation (Dr.), Family Rank (Jr.) and Religious Order (Fr.) may be included with either the surname or the given name. There may also be variations in the way the title was entered. For example, you may find Jr. with and without the period and placed after the surname with either a space or a comma (i.e. Smith, Jr or Smith Jr.).Leave out the ZIP code field as this does not exist for the earlier records.Check a variety of dates - ty pos and transposition of digits is common. 1986 could have been entered as 1896 or 1968. 01/06/63 could be read as January 6, 1963 or June 1, 1963. Reasons  You May Not Find Your Ancestor The person who entered the information into the database may have made typographical or other errors. The information may also have been incorrectly recorded during the initial application process. This was especially true when Social Security numbers were first issued and involved a multi-step application process with an opportunity for errors at each step.Many of the records prior to 1962 (when the SSDI database was first computerized) were never added.Your ancestors death may have never been reported to the Social Security Administration.It may be possible that your ancestor did not have a Social Security card. Many occupations prior to 1960 were not eligible for social security enrollment.

The Romantic Imagination in Action - 3457 Words

The human imagination has been a concept or characteristic which has invoked various speculations, theories, ideologies and philosophies throughout history. It would seem to be the one main characteristic which separates humans Ââ€"homo-sapiens, from all other species in the world. ‘Imagination, seems to be the source and foundation of human evolution, and the founder of humans as the master species. Technically speaking ‘imagination is in general, the power or process of producing mental images and ideas. The term is technically used in psychology for the process of reviving mind percepts of objects formerly given in sense perception. Although this explanation, reveals that it is basically the recollection of images of previously†¦show more content†¦For Schelling nature is a necessary step toward ‘self. The understanding of the object world, begins with sensation and moves through to understanding. Hence the awareness of the world, can only be possible as a result of our consciousness, the ‘absolute consciousness. In Schellings philosophy, he elevates art into a central position of his system and the ‘self plays a key role in the production of art. Although it seems that Schelling moves away from the centrality of art that he has ascribed in the System of Transcendental Idealism, the aesthetic remains as the central point of his thought. For Schelling activities of conscious and unconscious are free acts which form an organic unity, one which Schelling establishes as an organic product. These two activities are supposed to always never be separated, because the opposite forces of these two activities form a contradiction Schelling, dismantles the opposition between nature and art. For him imagination creates nature and art. The ‘artistic genius as he so names, is only different from normal man to the extent that he has become aware of the unity of his conscious and unconscious imagination. With Schelling the creative imagination of the artist takes on a metaphysical significance as it becomes the free activity in which the real is fused with the ideal. Art achieves the impossible, ‘to resolve on infinite opposition infinite product. Schellings thoughts influenced theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Goblin Market1542 Words   |  7 PagesVictorian Themes in Imagination: Goblin Market in Relation to Romanticism There were two principle views concerning imagination, the Victorians and the Romantics, who didn’t accept each other’s ideas about imagination. But, despite their clashes on the status and views of imagination, the Romantics and Victorians share similar ideas through different angles of perspective, which we could assume are linked in part to their era. 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Benefits Of A Diverse Teacher Faculty Teaching Essay

Statement of Purpose The purpose of this study is to find out what are the benefits that students have when teachers are from the background of the student and also when the teacher is from a different background than the student. Therefore, this study will focus on the benefits that students obtain by having a diverse teacher faculty teaching them. It is important to find out the strategies of instruction that students prefer. In addition, finding what students’ preferences are of having a teacher that is White, Hispanic, and Filipino. As a result, the students first hand the experiences of schooling years with White and Hispanics teachers will be examined and analyze. Description of the Problem Through observation at Douglas High School (DHS), students have difficult to learn since teachers are unable to find the strategy that works well with students and they feel comfortable with it. Students have made some progress with their current strategies in place through this studied some useful strategies will be found. DHS is low-income school, serving Hispanics mostly in the area. At DHS we found that some students are considered English Language learners (ELL) or Limited English Proficient (LEP). For that reason the Douglas Unified School District has in place a strong Structured English Immersion (SEI) Program to serve the students. The teachers’ staff is made up of White, Hispanic, and Filipino ethnic backgrounds. Literature Review Theoretical BackgroundShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Multicultural Education Essay1682 Words   |  7 Pagesthe article, â€Å"Faculty perceptions of multicultural teaching in a large urban university,† the authors believe that â€Å"lack of understanding of multicultural teaching is evident in spite of the growing literature on theories of multicultural education and data documenting best practices† (Bigatti, S. M., et. al, 2012, p. 78). 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Report Human Computer Interaction

Question: Write a report on human computer interaction. Answer: Introduction The report gives the data of recently created site of Global Toys, Games and Cards (GTGC) and the motivation behind making this site is to make the better promotion which is low fidelity model that give general in an arrangement of the shop. Purpose The Key purpose behind this undertaking is to build up the site to format the data for the clients and to examine the site by taking the clients criticisms. Those criticisms are utilized as a part of the improvement of the site. It will depict the idea, thoughts of an interface. Similarly, it provides the wide data about the recently made site. Set of inquiries is made and asked various clients. After than all the site is examined and a few proposals made for the change of site. Objectives The main objectives are: Create a website for Global Toys, Games, and Cards organization. Provide the store details, opening and closing time of the shop. Provide the details of toys, games and card via the website. Collect the user feedback from the website Content The designed high fidelity prototype website for the Global Toys, Games, and Cards (GTGC) completely adheres to the interface design principle (Olausen and Kaspi 2014). To provide some examples, it can be seen that all the pages of the website are similar to each other; that is the web pages are consistent following one of the eight golden rules of the interface design principle. Besides, the copyright details and notice is attached in the bellow of the web pages. The content of the website should not be played with in a way that might confuse the visitor who is surfing the website. It can be seen that there has been the use of color in an appropriate way that blends well and the texts are easier to read (Park et al. 2015). No any confusing navigation layout might annoy the visitor and would not want to come further to surf the website. It is imperative to make the web pages simple yet descriptive and reflective, professional yet fun and most importantly there should not be any such components that the visitor cannot understand or take some time to understand. This website has total three different product pages. One is the board game, second is Lego technique, and third is playing cards. To design a good website, navigation system should be perfect (Liao et al. 2015). In home page basic information such as opening hours, entrance, exit, etc. are given. On the other hand in other pages, different types of products are given like in Lego Technic page, the product of Lego Company can be found. User acceptance test Three different users are selected for the User Acceptance test. These users come from three separate age group and three various fields. For each user or visitor, three different walkthrough scenario is assign. The details about the users and the walkthrough is discussed below: User 1 (moderate knowledge about the different type of website) Name: Age: Sex: Occupation: Relationship: Sandy Sam 27 Male Doctor Uncle User 2 (She used different type of website for online shopping purpose) Name: Age: Sex: Occupation: Relationship: Alina Page 22 Female Student Friend User 3 (limited knowledge in web design and good knowledge about using different type of website) Name: Age: Sex: Occupation: Relationship: Ricky Austin 25 Male Student Friend Walkthrough Scenarios Three different type of scenarios is used for the walkthrough for three different users. They were asked to sort out their respective scenario and share their experience. After getting their feedback, the website has been rated regarding Great', Good', Average', Fair', Poor'. The ratings have been provided in the form of the table. The three different scenarios have been described below: Walkthrough Scenario to the Users:- Scenario 1 has been assigned to the User 1: Sandy Sam Scenario 2 has been assigned to the User 2: Alina Page Scenario 3 has been assigned to the User 3: Ricky Austin Scenario One Open the webpage Identify the special collection introduced in Global Toys, Games, and Cards (GTGC) Homepage Name the Playing Card Collection Go to the Playing Card page Name first two Playing Cards of the collections Go back to the homepage Check out the Time Give some feedback Close the website Scenario Two Open the web page Identify the special collection introduced in Global Toys, Games, and Cards (GTGC) Homepage Name the Lego Technics collection Go to the Lego Technics page Name first three Lego Technics of the collections Go back to the homepage Check out the Time Give some feedback Close the website Scenario Three Open the web page Identify the special collection introduced in Global Toys, Games, and Cards (GTGC) Homepage Name the Bard Games collection Go to the Bard Games page Name first two Bard Games of the collections Go back to the homepage Check out the Time Give some feedback Close the website Users Experience User 1: Sandy Sam "Oh my! The website looks attractive and fun. You did a good job. Ok as per the scenario is given to me, it did not take any time to find the Playing Card Collection as it was clearly highlighted to me in the Playing Card Page. Had there was the name of the Playing card collection in the scenario, it would have been a tad easier (Chuckles). Rating (1-10) 8 Time Taken 58 Seconds Screenshot: Playing Cards Page User 2: Alina Page When I first heard that the website is about the games and toys, I thought that the website would be far-reaching kind and difficult to use. But after I opened the site and after surfing it as per the scenario, I was totally wrong. I liked the new way of navigating the web pages through the map. It was exciting, and I was surprised to see that particular feature." Rating (1 - 10) 9 Time Taken 1 min Screenshot: Lego Technics Page User 3: Ricky Austin "I am not fond of using the websites. I do not do it frequently as I am not comfortable using the computer devices. But now I think I should start using it. It is not that difficult at least not in your case. The scenarios seemed a bit confusing to me, but after I had saved the website, I can identify the Board Games at once as it was clearly written at the top of the page. Screenshot: Board Games Page User Feedback All the visitors were also asked to check out a simple feedback form. The feedback form here rates the website features by Great', Good', Average', Fair' and Poor' which is presented below: Sandy Sam Alina Page Ricky Austin Website Features Great Good Average Fair Poor Opinion Web pages It could have been made more advanced and descriptive. Page link The links are working as it is supposed to. Map It could have been clearer Interface Design It is good, but there is always a possibility to make it better. Comfortability It is easy and fun to use. The surfing is not complicated. Image surfing The images are in the correct places and are easy to navigate. It is an excellent piece of work Page Description The page area could have been more descriptive; a tad more explanatory. Comment Area It is simple and not so fun to do. It would have been better if made fun. Special Collection It is highlighted and easy to navigate Overall The website is good, but it can always be made better. Features The high fidelity prototype is the just the improvised extension of the low fidelity prototype made before. The low fidelity prototype did not have any connection to other subpages though provided with navigational links (Fuadi et al. 2015). This problem has been sorted out in the improvised prototype. The subpage like board games page, Lego Technic page, Playing Card page and furthermore have been made more attractive and simpler to use. The users can also navigate to different pages of the website with the help of the map provided on the home page of the site. Recommendation Some Recommendations are given bellow to improve this site. The site should be more alluring that will make the client visit once more. Picture are should be in little size so that space can be overseen and more data can be included. Web pages should be more composed To show item or elements of shops video should be given. Conclusion This report predominantly focuses on the site improvement of GTGC, which is the very constancy model. As it is the second stage, so it has not tailed all the fundamental and general rule of the HCI. Client and undertaking investigation is done, the distinctive audit of the different client is taken. Finally with a specific end goal to make a site more successful and sorted out a few proposals are made. In general, it would be sufficiently reasonable to say that the site is giving the great early introduction to the guests. It is providing all the right information to the guests. The site is easy to navigate but difficult to explore; connections are clarified, and the pictures are shown in an appealing way. References Fuadi, R.R., Fuady, M.J. and Wibawa, A.P., 2016. Development of online HTML CSS learning resources with Live Editor for Web-Based Programming subject. Proceedings of the 2015 IConSSE, ISBN: 978-602-1047-217, p.75. Liao, C., Hiroi, K., Kaji, K. and Kawaguchi, N., 2015, July. An Event Data Extraction Method Based on HTML Structure Analysis and Machine Learning. In Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC), 2015 IEEE 39th Annual (Vol. 3, pp. 217-222). IEEE. Olausen, S.A. and Kaspi, V.M., 2014. Park, T.H., Dorn, B. and Forte, A., 2015. An analysis of HTML and CSS syntax errors in a Web development course. ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE), 15(1), p.4.

Plush Café Business Plan

Biography of Lili Elbe, Pioneering Transgender Woman

Biography of Lili Elbe, Pioneering Transgender Woman Lili Elbe (born Einar Magnus Andreas Wegener, later Lili Ilse Elvenes; December 28, 1882– September 13, 1931) was a pioneering transgender woman. She experienced what is now known as gender dysphoria and was one of the first individuals known to receive sex reassignment surgery, also known as gender confirmation surgery. She was also a successful painter. Her life was the subject of the novel and film The Danish Girl. Fast Facts: Lili Elbe Occupation:  ArtistKnown For: Believed to be the first recipient of gender confirmation surgeryBorn:  December 28, 1882 in Vejle, DenmarkDied:  Ã‚  September 13, 1931 in Dresden, Germany Early Life Born as Einar Wegener in Vejle, Denmark, Lili Elbe began life as a boy. Some sources believe that she was intersex, having some female biological characteristics, but others dispute those reports. Some think she may have had Klinefelter Syndrome, the presence of two or more X chromosomes in addition to the Y chromosome. Destruction of medical records leaves these questions unanswered. Elbe studied art at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen, Denmark. There, she met illustrator and painter Gerda Gottlieb, who was accomplished in both art nouveau and art deco styles. Marriage and Painting Einar and Gerda fell in love and married in 1904. They both worked as artists. Einar Wegener specialized in landscape paintings in a Post-Impressionistic style while Gerda found employment as a book and magazine illustrator. Einar exhibited works at the prestigious Salon dAutomne in Paris, France. Around 1908, Danish actress Anna Larssen failed to show up for a modeling session with Gerda Wegener. Over the telephone, the actress suggested that Einar wear womens clothing and substitute as a model due to his delicate build. He was hesitant at first, but agreed after pressure from Gerda. Lili later wrote, I cannot deny, strange as it may sound, that I enjoyed myself in this disguise. I liked the feel of soft womens clothing. I felt very much at home in them from the first moment. Einar soon became a frequent model for his wifes work. After walking in on a modeling session, Anna Larssen suggested the name Lili for Einars new persona. It was soon adopted, and Lili began appearing more often outside of modeling sessions. The surname Elbe was later chosen in honor of the river that flows through Dresden, Germany, the site of her last surgeries. In her autobiography, Lili Elbe expressed that she eventually killed Einar, while setting herself free, when she chose to have sex reassignment surgery. In 1912, when word emerged that the model for Gerdas work was actually her husband, they faced scandal in their home city of Copenhagen. The couple left their country and moved to the more accepting city of Paris, France. Throughout the 1920s, Einar frequently appeared at events as Lili. Gerda often presented her as Einars sister. By the end of the decade, Lili became desperate to live life as a woman. Doctors and psychologists labeled Lili a schizophrenic to describe the battle between male and female. She chose May 1, 1930, as a suicide date. In February 1930, however, she learned that the doctor Magnus Hirschfeld might help her begin the transition process. Transition Lili Elbe underwent a series of four or five sex reassignment surgeries beginning later in 1930. Magnus Hirschfeld consulted on the procedures while gynecologist Kurt Warnekros performed them. The first involved removal of the testicles and took place in Berlin, Germany. Later surgeries implanted an ovary and removed the penis and took place in Dresden, Germany. The planned final operation involved implantation of a uterus and construction of an artificial vagina. Some reports emerged that the surgeons found rudimentary ovaries in Lilis abdomen. Later in 1930, Lili obtained an official passport under the name Lili Ilse Elvenes. In October 1930, King Christian X of Denmark officially annulled the marriage of Einar Wegener and Gerda Gottlieb. Their parting was amicable. Lili was finally able to officially live her life as a woman. Lili ended her career as an artist, believing that the work as a painter belonged to Einar. She met and fell in love with French art dealer Claude Lejeune. He proposed, and the couple planned to marry. Lili hoped surgery would allow her to bear a child to build a family with her husband. Death In 1931, Lili returned to Dresden, Germany for surgery to implant a uterus. In June, the surgery took place. Lilis body soon rejected the new uterus, and she suffered from an infection. Drugs to prevent rejection did not become readily available until fifty years later. Lili died on September 13, 1931 from cardiac arrest brought on by the infection. Despite the tragic nature of her death, Lili expressed to friends and family that she was grateful for the opportunity to live life as a woman following the surgeries. Reflecting on life after her first surgery, she wrote, It may be said that 14 months is not much, but they seem to me like a whole and happy human life. Legacy and The Danish Girl Unfortunately, many gaps in the life story of Lili Elbe existed. Books at Germanys Institute for Sexual Research relating to her story were destroyed in 1933 by Nazi students. Allied bombing raids in 1945 destroyed the Dresden Womens Clinic and its records during World War II. For researchers, the process of sorting myth from fact is difficult. Much of what is known about Lili Elbe comes from her autobiography Man Into Woman published by Ernst Ludwig Harthern-Jacobson under the pseudonym Niels Hoyer after her death. It is based on her diaries and letters. Many researchers believe that Lili Elbe was the first woman to receive sex reassignment surgery. However, some dispute the fact. Whether unique or not, the surgery was highly experimental in the 1930s. In 2000, author David Ebershoff published his novel The Danish Girl, based on Lili Elbes life. It became an international bestseller. In 2015, the novel was made into a film of the same name. Source Hoyer, Niels, editor. Man Into Woman: An Authentic Record of a Change of Sex. Jarrold Publishers, 1933.

Critically assess the arguments in support of and against the Essay

Critically assess the arguments in support of and against the acknowledgement of the legally binding nature of the right to wate - Essay Example This right to an adequate standard of living is in turn enshrined in a number of international human rights treaties. The rationale herein is that it would be impossible to uphold these international human rights treaties without making the right to water legally binding. As a mater of fact, water is one of the most basic needs for mankind. Some of these treaties include the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). The strength of this argument is well underscored by these treaties being binding, since they enjoy near global ratification1. In a closely related wavelength, Nordblom, Reeson and Finlayson2 observe that the rationale behind the argument in favour of the legalisation of the right to water is that this move is a landmark decision that would irrevocably bring ameliorations on the lives of billions of people who are still unable to access water and proper sanitation, with children and women being at the centre of this rationale. Particularly, it is pointed out that about 1.5 million children under the age of 5 years die of diarrhoea, annually, due to the inability to access clean water. This argument is very valid, given that it acknowledges the fact that this inability to access clean water exacerbates gender disparity. The issue of gender comes into play herein, since lack of access to clean water affects women, girls and children than men. Another rationale behind this move is that it had been ratified by major players in international relations. Particularly, according to Gunduz3, the Human Rights Council as the main body of the United Nations on human rights had furthered this move, as a resolution that had been tabled and supported by Spain, Germany, France, Britain and other member states of the UN. This move was pursuant to the July 2010 resolution of the UN General Assembly which had recognised access to water and proper sanitation as a fundamental huma n right. This move had to have legally binding obligations, in order for this observation to remain binding. Conversely, such a move in the UN General Assembly of 2010 was propounded by the rationale that despite water being an essential commodity or element in human life, yet a very significant fraction of the world’s fraction could not access it. Particularly, the UN quoted research results obtained by its Independent Experts to divulge that while 1 billion people are not able to access improved or standardised sources of water, 3 billion have no taps in their homes. The import of this is that there are billions of people consuming unsafe water. It is also important to note that the report that was tabled by the Independent Experts also helped reinforce the ideas on the legalisation of the right to water because it also aimed at ensuring quality in accessibility to water and sanitation, and not just quantity. Other scholars such as Pink4 and Kibassa5 argue that the move to make the right to water legally binding was also imperative if a larger input by other stakeholder was to be realised. Particularly, the recognition of water as a human right and a legally binding reality by the Human Rights Council set the standard for all water services providers to follow, whether these providers are in private or public ventures. The import

Balanced score card Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Balanced score card - Assignment Example While some people assert that the balanced score card is an effective method, others tend to contradict this, presenting evidence to support their claims. Among the corporations that have adopted this concept are the Boom-Bust Construction Ltd (BBCL) and The El Nino Conglomerate Group / El Dorado civil engineering Division. This study will thus analyse, interpret and evaluate the balanced score card concept and its effects on the two companies. The balanced score card Stewart, W. E 2001, ‘Balanced Scorecard for Projects’, Project Management Journal, Vol. 32, no.1, pp. 38-53. Stewart (2001), gives a holistic view about balanced scorecards. He asserts that a close look at many organizations reveals they have many things in common. First, organizations are unpredictable. Each day is unique, making it hard to determine the outcome based on the decisions made. Third, organizations are deceptive, as they try to hide outcomes if they are contrary to shareholders’ expecta tions. This not only brings more complications but also prevents the companies from making future decisions based on facts (Stewart 2001). The use of a balanced score card emerged to offer solutions concerning the progress of companies in a competitive environment. As the name implies, a balanced score card tries to balance theories of a strategy with the methods used in its execution (Nair 2004). In other words, it tries to balance the internal and external factors in order to win the competencies of tomorrow. In this regard, it tries to look at an organization from all dimensions, develop metrics and collect data for analysis in relation to all the dimensions. Four major perspectives have been identified namely; the business process perspective, the customer perspective, the financial perspective, and the learning and growth perspective. These perspectives offer an interpretation of the overall vision of the company and the approaches the organization follows to fulfil its agendas and culture (Stewart 2001). Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. 1996, ‘Using the Balances Scorecard as a Strategic Management System’, Harvard Business Review, pp. 75-85. In their article titled ‘Using the balanced scorecard as a strategic management system’, Kaplan and Norton explain how designing and implementing a balanced scorecard can be of great benefit to the organization. They agree that, balanced scorecards are different from one organization to another. This also makes their designs to be different as well as the time taken to implement them. However, there are common steps that the management needs to follow in order to design an effective balanced scorecard. Using a sample of a successful balanced scorecard, the following are the steps every company needs to follow. First, the organization needs to clarify its vision by stipulating what it wants to achieve with the scorecard. Then, the organization should communicate with middle managers on the new development. Middle managers are the best communication channels in an organization, as they link the top management and the line workers. The organization should then develop business units, which translate their strategies into their own scorecards. The other step is to review the business unit scorecards so that the management may be able to align the strategies with the organizational goals (Kaplan & Norton, 1996). Once the unit scorecards are reviewed, the organization moves forward to

Creating an atmosphere of tension Essay Example for Free

Creating an atmosphere of tension Essay Compare the opening scenes of two film versions of Great Expectations and review how effective they are in creating an atmosphere of tension.  The widely known book Great Expectations by Charles Dickens has many film adaptations, but during this essay I will be concentrating on two particular versions, the 1945 version, directed by David Lean and the 1997 version, directed by Julian Jarrold. During this essay I will be reviewing how effective each of these openings are and comparing them. Camera Angles are clearly the most important factor at creating an atmosphere of tension in the opening of this film. For an audience of today the camera angles and shots, from the later version directed by Julian Jarrold is much more effective at creating tension, as the short, snappy changes between shots such as jump shot to the grave yard, close up on the convicts feet, jump shot, Pips face, jump shot, close up on the convicts feet again etc. This fast action keeps the audience engaged and they always have something to be looking at. Also Julian Jarrold cleverly uses sea gulls for two of the shots, to show that maybe something scary, that cant be shown on screen is happening and also can be compared to Pip trapped by the convict unlike the free, flying birds. This provokes the audience to wonder what might be happening and want to carry on watching to find out. However David Lean doesnt make much use of the Camera angles, and in effect his opening of the film isnt as interesting or engaging. In total David Lean uses about 10 different shots which compared to Julian Jarrold is nothing. But both directors use a similar shot during the opening, David Lean uses a long shot and Julian Jarrold uses a long shot, zooming in on Pip while on the marshes to show the setting of the film and to show how small and vulnerable Pip is. As well as the camera angles and shots the music and sound effects accompanying them play an important role at creating tension. In the opening credits of the earlier version, directed by David Lean, the music accompanying the credits convinces the audience with its happy, jolly, music that the film is going to be exactly how the music sounds, happy, jolly etc. but the actual opening of this film version is the total opposite, portraying a dark miserable opening to the film. Whereas Julian Jarrold in the later version, opens the scene with one long note of eerie, mystical music to set the atmosphere of the film. He also changes the speed in which the music is played, slowing it down in places to suit what may be happening the film. At the start of David Leans version he uses the older Pip to narrate from the book Great Expectations, which is lighted by a spot light, this isnt very effective as it tell the audience that Pip is still alive at the end, leaving some of the suspense out of the scene. David Lean uses a number of sound effects such as bird noises to make the marshes sound wild and tries to create tension by using the creaking of trees and rattling of chains on the convict. As the technology was not as well advanced in 1945 as it is today the sound effects are obviously not as good as the 1997 and this can make the film seem inadequate compared to Julian Jarrolds version. Similar to David Lean, Julian Jarrold uses a wide range of sound effects to show the wildness and desolate marshes, but he also uses sounds such as foot steps and heavy breathing which interrupts the music at times. Although David Lean contradicts the film with the music, he uses the weather effectively to set the atmosphere, using strong wind, that whistles in the vast open marshes, to show how desolate they are. In the later version, Julian Jarrold doesnt use the weather to set the mood, he uses clear blue skies, but he uses the sky to show the time changes, for example, when Pip is running home the sun is setting, to show that it is evening. Both directors have used similar sets for the marshes, flat, desolate areas to convey how small and alone Pip is. David Lean uses quite an open area for the graveyard which isnt that effective. Julian Jarrold however uses a long grassy field which is very enclosed where Pip is being chased toward the graveyard by the convict, which suggests Pip is being hunted like a wild animal. He uses this enclosed space to relate to todays audience. Both directors have chosen to light Pips face, as a sign of good and keep the convicts face dark, as a sign of evil. A c lassic thing that most directors tend to use. Both directors for the cast of the convict have ventured down similar paths. Using well built, ugly, bald and strong man for the role of the convict, that towers over Pip to show how small and venerable he is. The convict wear dark, dirty and ripped cotton clothing, to show that he has had a rough journey and has chains and an iron on his leg to show that he is a escaped convict. On the contrary the directors have chosen almost opposite actors for Pip. David Lean chose a blonde haired, blue eyed baby faced, neat and innocent looking boy, giving the impression he is a polite well behaved boy and Julian Jarrold chose a brown haired boy, with longish messy hair, brown eyes and a rough, rugged, cheeky look about him, to suit todays audience and meet their expectations of a boy of that age, so its easier for them to relate to the film. David Leans Pip wears a scarf, shirt, waist coast and slightly short trousers showing that he is poor and Julian Jarrolds Pip wears short trousers and a sh irt, which is very dirty and ripped. David Lean chooses to stay very close to the script in the book and the script is almost the exact writings from the book. But Julian Jarrold however decided to use none of the script and let the actions speak for themselves, in the whole of the opening only one word is said, which is MUMMY which is said by Pip.  In conclusion both films are effective at creating an atmosphere or tension for each of the targeted audiences. As the version directed by David Lean was made in 1945, people had different interests, so that particular version shown to an audience today may not be that effective as the later version directed by Julian Jarrold.

Privacy in Banking Industry :: essays research papers

How much do trust your bank or other institutions that have access to your financial and personal information? It may be time that all Canadians ask themselves this important question. This is a major issue in today’s world. We are living in the Information Age, and with all the technological advances we experience daily, having access to any kind of information is literally at yours and everybody else’s fingertips. This paper will focus on one of the most significant issues in the news recently that have sparked national interest, which is the issue of Privacy Laws in Canada, specifically within the Banking industry. Privacy issues have taken centre stage in Canada in recent weeks with the public's attention focused on the major privacy breach at the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce. As of February 4, 2005, CIBC is now facing a $9 million class action lawsuit from customers whose confidential RRSP and other personal and financial information was made public. A Toronto law firm has filed the suit in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, after revelations that CIBC had been faxing thousands of their client confidential personal information to unauthorized third-parties and individuals, including a now-famous junkyard in West Virginia. The suit alleges CIBC sent client and other applications over unsecured fax lines to the junkyard between 2002 and 2004 . The documents contained highly personal information including names, addresses, phone numbers, social insurance numbers, bank accounts, GIC numbers and amounts, as well as client credit information. One of people that received this information w as a businessman from West Virginia. Over the past two years, he identified more than 350 Canadian phone numbers that have sent faxes to his fax machine, all of which he believes are CIBC branches. He claims he advised the CIBC of the problem several times, but the faxes continued to come . These CIBC clients entrusted the bank with their sensitive personal information in order to feel secure and to obtain the peace of mind that their financial affairs were protected by a well respected Canadian Bank. The financial information dealt particularly with RRSP plans and other investments which the clients rely on and save for in their retirement years. Rather than bringing them peace of mind that their financial affairs were protected, thousands of people now find that their sensitive information has carelessly been disclosed to unauthorized third-parties and possibly many other random unauthorized civilians.

Defence Mechanisms Essay

Defence mechanisms are psychological actions brought in by the unconscious mind to change, deny or become a twisted reality. Defence mechanisms are usually referred to as ego defence mechanisms. A defence mechanism forms when anxiety occurs, this then means that the defence mechanisms will be triggered off. All defence mechanisms share two common properties they appear unconsciously and they tend to disfigure, transform a person’s reality. Defence mechanisms occur in some level in every person. Many play important roles in socialization and allowing the way in which people function in society. Others are seen as problems and they show signs of clients developing a dangerous psychological issue. For example regression, this means you return to a childlike state, this defence mechanism can get very dangerous as it can lead to clinical issues. There are many different defence mechanisms such as: Projection- Suggesting that others share the negative beliefs and thoughts you have, making yourself think that everyone thinks like that so it is okay to think like that as well. This can lead to very irrational thoughts. Such as when someone is depressed they then start to believe thoughts that their mind has made up maybe leading them to become suicidal. Displacement- Turning emotion into physical action (aggression) May tend to lash out to get rid of the emotion that have inside. This could lead to putting themselves and others into very serious danger as they could get progressively aggressive. This often occurs in mental health as they don’t know how to deal with certain emotions and situations. Rationalization- Illogical thoughts and explanations for your behaviour. Making up excuses just to get away with it. Making up things that don’t make sense. This could lead to them believing their own thoughts and starting to think they are real, sending them mentally ill. This could be when a doctor/surgeon makes a mistake during a procedure and they try to cover up their mistakes by using excuse and lies. Isolation- Removal of all emotional reactions so they are in emotional denial. Can’t cope with all of the emotion. In a hospital a nurse/doctor could not like a patient because of different beliefs and maybe ersonalities so provides them with different treatment. If someone is in denial then they will force themselves to not believe what they have been told to be true and not accept it. For example a person is diagnosed with a terminal disease, they will not believe it and just block it out so they don’t have to deal with it as they don’t know how to. They are refusing to accept the situation they are in. Eventually that person will have forced it out of their head so much that they generally think it hasn’t happened and it was all just a lie. Regression this is when you return to a childlike state acting immature, for example in a family when a new sibling arrives the other sibling gets jealous so therefore they may start to wet the bed as they want attention as they feel as if the other sibling is getting all of their parents attentions (feeling left out. ) Some people may go to therapy to identify the defence mechanisms that benefit them and work in a good way and also to identify the defence mechanisms that are really dangerous and that they shouldn’t be using.

Welfare Recipients Drug Tested - 1311 Words

There has been an ongoing controversy as to whether welfare recipients should have to have drug testing done. Drug testing will ensure that recipients will not abuse the money they’re given by the government. Having people on welfare take drug test is advantageous because it could save the system money, it would help social workers identify children who are around drug abuse, and it would deter people from purchasing and using illegal drugs; however, it does have a downside such as people who are on prescription medication will show false positives, it can be an invasion of privacy and drug testing can take hundreds and even thousands of dollars to administer. Drug testing the people on welfare is beneficial because those who are on†¦show more content†¦This will give people what they want, it limits placed on government spending and improving the economys debt. (Magoon 12, 61) Welfare is made to help individuals get back on their feet not a life supply, if you need a ssistance the government is willing to help but it should be temporary.Welfare is a privilege and abusing the system ruins it for the families in need of help. The government wants to get families out of poverty and by eliminating the problem only helps us by improving our economy. (Magoon 11) Drug testing welfare recipients does have its drawbacks one of them is people who are on prescribed medication can show false positives. (Carpenter 2) â€Å"If there is a possibility that a test can be wrong and denied a family some needed assistance so they can eat, there is something gravely wrong with that idea.† (Tiriana 2) Your legal doctor can prescribe you medicine and when tested you can test positive to illegal drugs even when you’ve never done them. People are discriminated against even with a legal doctors involvement. (Carpenter 2) That isn’t right for anybody to be falsely accused even when they’re already looked down upon by just being on welfare. Some times people don’t pay attention to ingredients.inside their food and something so small can trigger a false positive. For example you can eat a poppy seed bagel/pastries and test positive for morphine, codeine, and heroin. If large amounts ofShow MoreRelatedThe Welfare Recipients Should Not Be Drug Tested907 Words   |  4 Pagesstates that are dealing with whether or not to pass the law that welfare recipients should or should not be drug tested in order to receive assistance from the government. Florida was the first state to mandate the law in 2011 and thereafter twenty four other states in the last year have also passed this law with our own state of Oklahoma being one of them. Although alcohol is legal it is abused far more than marijuana or hard core drugs, According to the 1996 study by the National Institute of AlcoholRead MoreDrug Testing Welfare Recipients Should Not Be Drug Tested911 Words   |  4 PagesDrug Testing Welfare Recipients To test or not to test has been has been the question at hand for many states that are dealing with whether or not to pass the law that welfare recipients should or should not be drug tested in order to receive assistance from the government. Florida was the first state to mandate the law in 2011 and thereafter twenty four other states in the last year have also passed this law with our own state of Oklahoma being one of them. Although alcohol is legal it is abusedRead MoreWelfare Recipients Should Be Periodically Tested for Drugs822 Words   |  3 Pagessupported by government welfare programs for help with their financial necessities. The argument everyone is making nowadays, is whether or not they should be drug testing recipients of welfare. I agree with this strongly because I know that if I were paying taxes on this program I would not want someone going out and abusing this privilege on drugs. People collecting welfare, or other government assistance, should be drug tested be cause if they are just going to spend money on drugs, they do not needRead MoreDrug Testing : A Controversial Issue Right Now1439 Words   |  6 PagesRUNNING HEAD: Mandatorily Drug Testing Welfare Recipients Does More Harm Than Good Mandatorily Drug Testing Welfare Recipients Does More Harm Than Good Clare M. Pitlik Marist High School Author Note First paragraph: Introduction to history of drug testing welfare recipients Second paragraph: Explains why drug testing welfare recipients is unconstitutional Third paragraph: Explains why drug testing welfare recipients is costly Fourth paragraph: Rebuttals Fifth paragraph:Read MoreShould Drug Testing Welfare Recipients? Essay1707 Words   |  7 Pagesuse of drugs is an immense problem in today’s society. The big question is, is it a problem within the welfare system? Drug use isn’t just a problem of poverty; it’s found among all groups and classes. As said in Jamelle Bouies article, The Myth of Drug Use and Welfare, â€Å"The myth of welfare recipients spending their benefits on drugs is just that—a myth. And indeed, in Utah, only 12 people out of 466—or 2.5 percent—showed evidence of drug use after a mandatory screening.† Drug testing welfare recipientsRead MoreWelfare Drug Testing Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesWelfare Drug Testing Trevor Brooks, SOC 110 11/09/2011 In today’s America, government aid is highly depended on. The US government has spent $498 billion dollars this year on welfare alone. The state of Tennessee has an average of 250,000 residents on welfare and has $3 billion dollars this year alone. To help cut costs and help tax payers, 36 states, including Tennessee, have proposed a bill to drug test all welfare recipients. Since the beginning of the year, the welfare rateRead MoreSocial Welfare Beneficiaries on Illegal Drugs1256 Words   |  6 Pagesapply for welfare benefits should be tested for drugs and they should be cleared of all illicit drugs before they receive any benefits in the form of cash or food stamps because, the government spends so much money on welfare and rehabilitation programs and screening welfare recipients will help the government save more money to fix the economy. Most employees are tested of illicit drugs before they are employed by their employer so why shouldn’t welfare recipients also be tested of illicit drug beforeRead MoreThe Drug Of Drug Testing Welfare Recipients912 Words   |  4 PagesDrug Testing Welfare Recipients To test or not to test has been has been the question at hand for many states that are dealing with whether or not to pass the law that welfare recipients should or should not be drug tested in order to receive assistance from the government. Florida was the first state to mandate the law in 2011 and thereafter twenty four other states in the last year have also passed this law in our own state of Oklahoma being one of them. Although alcohol is legal it is abused farRead MoreShould Drug Testing Welfare Recipients?1679 Words   |  7 Pageswho test positive for drugs should be able to receive welfare. It was an argument that flooded social media, arguments filling comments with opinions. It is a subject that continues to be discussed within our peer groups, our communities, and our states. This paper will discuss the opinions of individua l’s within the country, the beneficial factors of drug testing welfare recipients as well as the unbeneficial factors, as well as who decides if drug testing welfare recipients goes into effect or notRead MoreDrug Testing Essay1200 Words   |  5 PagesThere is a big question floating in the air around a lot of people today, â€Å"Is drug testing the welfare constitutional or not?† When dealing with this we come to many road blocks. We should know and understand the difference in a drug use problem and a psychiatric disorder. Also understanding the difference in substance abuse and substance dependence. Confusing the two could be an issue. When you decide to drug test the welfare there is much more that needs to go into it than just the test to determine